Global warming could lead to extreme temperatures, especially in the second half of the century. The resulting heatwaves pose major risks to vulnerable regions across the tropics and could trigger migrations and geopolitical tensions.
The countries most susceptible to the impacts of global warming are primarily developing nations[1], especially those situated in regions such as the Sahel[2], the Middle East[3] and the Mediterranean, which naturally have hot climate. Rising temperatures in such southern areas are pushing these regions closer to the threshold of human habitability within the coming decades[4].
These nations frequently face challenges such as limited resources and political instability, which hinder their ability to swiftly adapt to climate change. As a result, their populations may be forced to migrate to cooler climates in northern countries.